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NASA : NASA Damage Map Helps in Typhoon Disaster Response

When Super Typhoon Haiyan, one of the most powerful storms ever recorded on Earth, struck the Philippines Nov. 8, 2013, it tore a wide swath of destruction across large parts of the island nation.

Image Credit: ASI/NASA/JPL-Caltech

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A new, space-based map generated by scientists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., in collaboration with the Italian Space Agency to assist in disaster response efforts shows the regions in the Philippines hit hardest by Super Typhoon Haiyan. The typhoon tore a wide swath of devastation across the island nation on Nov. 8, 2013.

The map, which depicts the storm’s destruction, is available online at:

This 27-by-33-mile (43-by-53-kilometer) map covers a region near Tacloban City, where the massive storm, one of the most powerful ever recorded on Earth, made landfall. It was made from radar imagery obtained before and after the typhoon hit. It was processed by JPL’s Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis (ARIA) team using X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar data from the Italian Space Agency’s COSMO-SkyMed satellite constellation. The technique uses a prototype algorithm to rapidly detect surface changes caused by natural or human-produced damage.

The technique is most sensitive to detecting destruction of the human-made environment. In the image, damage detected by radar is shown as an overlay on a Google Earth image. Areas in red reflect the heaviest damage to cities and towns in the storm’s path. The estimated intensity of damage is proportional to the opacity of the red. When the radar observes areas that have little to no destruction, its image pixels are transparent. The satellite data used to generate the map span the time frame from Aug. 19 to Nov. 11, 2013. Each pixel in the damage map measures approximately 33 yards (30 meters) across.

ARIA is a JPL- and NASA-funded project being developed by JPL and the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. It is building an automated system for providing rapid and reliable GPS and satellite data to support the local, national and international hazard monitoring and response communities. Using space-based imagery of disasters, ARIA data products can provide rapid assessments of the geographic region affected by a disaster, as well as detailed imaging of the locations where damage occurred.

NASA is making the data publicly available for agencies that might be responding to the event through the U.S. Geological Survey’s Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Data Center’s Hazards Data Distribution System, as well as through NASA’s ARIA website.

The ARIA team began developing and evaluating this technique using case studies from the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, in February 2011 to detect building damage, landslides and liquefaction. Following the magnitude 9.0 earthquake in Tohoku, Japan, in March 2011, the team used the technique to assess tsunami damage, as well as ground deformation from high-rate GPS network and imaging radar satellites. Those ground-deformation data were downloaded more than 1,400 times within the first two days they were available. Following last year’s Hurricane Sandy, the team produced damage maps that were delivered to the International Charter 11 days after landfall and subsequently validated with crowdsourcing with the assistance of the GISCorps.

The ARIA team continues to improve its response time for generating products -- the Haiyan satellite data were available three days after landfall and were processed within 11 hours of data acquisition. The improved response time has been aided by NASA’s recent joint collaboration with the Italian Space Agency, which operates four identical radar satellites.

For more information about ARIA, visit:

http://aria.jpl.nasa.gov .

Caltech manages JPL for NASA.

Alan Buis 818-354-0474
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
Alan.buis@jpl.nasa.gov

NASA
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com
ayabaca@yahoo.com

NASA : NASA Astronaut Karen Nyberg Available for Satellite Media Interviews

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STS-124 Shuttle Mission Imagery
JSC2007-E-097869 (26 Sept. 2007) --- Astronaut Karen L. Nyberg, mission specialist


	Biographical Data

Karen L. Nyberg (Ph.D.)
NASA Astronaut

PERSONAL DATA:

Born on October 7, 1969. Her hometown is Vining, Minnesota. Married. One child. Recreational interests include running, sewing, drawing and painting, backpacking, piano, and spending time with her family. Dr. Nyberg’s parents, Kenneth and Phyllis Nyberg, still reside in Vining.

EDUCATION:

Graduated from Henning Public High School, Henning, Minnesota, 1988. Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering, Summa Cum Laude, University of North Dakota, 1994. Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1996. Doctorate in Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1998.

SPECIAL HONORS/AWARDS:

University of North Dakota Sioux Award (2009); University of Texas Outstanding Young Engineering Graduate Award (2009); University of Texas Outstanding Young Mechanical Engineer Award (2008); University of North Dakota Young Alumni Achievement Award (2004); Space Act Award (1993); NASA JSC Patent Application Award (1993); NASA Tech Briefs Award (1993); NASA JSC Cooperative Education Special Achievement Award (1994); Joyce Medalen Society of Women Engineers Award (1993-94); D.J. Robertson Award of Academic Achievement (1992); University of North Dakota School of Engineering and Mines Meritorious Service Award (1991-1992). Recipient of numerous scholarships and other awards.

EXPERIENCE:

Graduate research was completed at The University of Texas at Austin BioHeat Transfer Laboratory where she investigated human thermoregulation and experimental metabolic testing and control, specifically related to the control of thermal neutrality in space suits.

NASA EXPERIENCE:

Co-op at Johnson Space Center from 1991-1995, working in a variety of areas. She received a patent for work done in 1991 on Robot Friendly Probe and Socket Assembly. In 1998, on completing her doctorate, she accepted a position with the Crew and Thermal Systems Division, working as an Environmental Control Systems Engineer.

Selected as a mission specialist by NASA in July 2000, Dr. Nyberg reported for training in August 2000. Following the completion of two years of training and evaluation, she was assigned technical duties in the Astronaut Office Station Operations branch where she served as Crew Support astronaut for the Expedition 6 crew during their six-month mission aboard the International Space Station. Dr. Nyberg has since served in the Space Shuttle branch, the Exploration branch, and as Chief of the Robotics branch. A veteran of two spaceflights, Dr. Nyberg served as a Mission Specialist on STS-124 and a Flight Engineer for Expedition 36/37. She has accumulated 180 days in space over the course of the two missions.

SPACE FLIGHT EXPERIENCE: STS-124 Discovery (May 31 to June 14, 2008) was the 123rd space shuttle flight, and the 26th shuttle flight to the International Space Station. STS-124 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, and docked with the space station on June 2 to deliver the Japanese Experiment Module-Pressurized Module (JEM-PM) and the Japanese Remote Manipulator System. STS-124 shuttle astronauts delivered the 37-foot (11-meter) Kibo lab, added its rooftop storage room and conducted three spacewalks to maintain the station and to prime the new Japanese module's robotic arm for work during nine days docked at the orbiting laboratory. STS-124 also delivered a new station crew member, Expedition 17 Flight Engineer Greg Chamitoff. He replaced Expedition 16 Flight Engineer Garrett Riesman, who returned to Earth with the STS-124 crew. The STS-124 mission was completed in 218 orbits, traveling 5,735.643 miles in 13 days, 18 hours, 13 minutes and 7 seconds.

Expedition 36/37 (May 28 to November 10, 2013). Dr. Nyberg, Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin and European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Luca Parmitano launched aboard the Soyuz TMA-09M from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan to the International Space Station. They were welcomed aboard by Expedition 35 Commander Pavel Vinogradov and Flight Engineers Alexander Misurkin and Chris Cassidy. During the expedition, the crew completed 166 days aboard the station and 2,656 orbits of the Earth while travelling more than 70 million miles.

NOVEMBER 2013

NASA Astronaut Karen Nyberg Available for Satellite Media Interviews

NASA Astronaut Karen Nyberg, who returned to Earth on Nov. 10 after 166 days in space, will be available for live satellite media interviews from 2-3:30 p.m. EST Wednesday, Nov. 20. The interviews will be carried on NASA Television.

Nyberg began her long-duration stay after launching to the International Space Station on May 28. During her time in space, Nyberg and her crewmates spent hundreds of hours conducting fundamental research in areas such as human biology, life science, physical science, Earth science, astrophysics and technology research.

To participate in the interviews, reporters should contact Karen Svetaka at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston at 281-483-8684 no later than 2 p.m. Tuesday, Nov. 19.

Nyberg, who earned a master's degree and doctorate in engineering from the University of Texas, Austin, is from Vining, Minn. She shared some of her personal life and hobbies through social media channels such as Twitter and Pinterest during her mission. Nyberg revealed her passion for sewing and invited quilters on Earth to submit quilt blocks that will be joined with a block she created during her stay in space.

This was the second spaceflight for Nyberg, who now has logged more than 180 days in space.

The public can follow Nyberg on Twitter at:

http://www.twitter.com/AstroKarenN

Nyberg's biography is available at:

http://go.nasa.gov/np5ICw

For NASA TV streaming video, downlink and scheduling information, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/nasatv

For more information about the International Space Station, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/station

NASA

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

› View Cygnus mission briefing graphics
› Read about Cygnus’ launch

NASA: NASA Hails Success of Commercial Space Program Private Space Station Resupply Underway, Plans Readied for Astronauts

Cygnus Arrives at the Space Station

The Cygnus commercial resupply craft is installed by the Canadarm2 to the Harmony node.

Image Credit: NASA TV

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The Cygnus cargo spacecraft is just a few feet away from the International Space Station's Canadarm2.

Image Credit: NASA

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Cygnus approaches the International Space Station.

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NASA

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A week after its original approach date, Orbital Sciences’ commercial cargo craft Cygnus has arrived at the International Space Station. The Expedition 37 crew captured Cygnus with the Canadarm2 at 7 a.m. EDT Sunday. Cygnus launched Sept. 18 aboard an Antares rocket from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia.

› Read more about Cygnus

Orbital Sciences uploaded a software fix for a navigation data mismatch that occurred during its approach Sept. 22. NASA managers opted to wait until after Wednesday’s Soyuz launch and docking to restart capture and berthing activities.

Cygnus was operating safely behind the space station by about 1,491 miles while mission managers and ground controllers tested the software patch and planned Sunday’s second approach attempt. Cygnus began a series of thruster burns towards the orbital laboratory Thursday night after station managers gave their final approval.

As Cygnus met its demonstration objectives and moved closer to the space station, Expedition 37 Flight Engineers Luca Parmitano and Karen Nyberg watched and worked in tandem with Mission Control. Parmitano was in the cupola at the Canadarm2 controls monitoring its approach. Nyberg was his back up at the secondary robotics workstation inside the Destiny laboratory.

When Cygnus met its final demonstration objective of pointing a tracking laser at a reflector on the Kibo laboratory it moved to its capture point about 10 meters from the station. Cygnus turned off its thrusters, operated in free drift, and Parmitano maneuvered the Canadarm2 to grapple and capture Cygnus.

Parmitano operated the Canadarm2 to move Cygnus and attached it to the Harmony node at 8:44 a.m. The hatches to Cygnus will be opened Monday afternoon after leak checks and power connections.

Orbital Sciences is the second company to send a commercial cargo craft to the space station. SpaceX was the first company to send its own cargo ship with two successful commercial resupply missions and two demonstration missions under its belt.

NASA Hails Success of Commercial Space Program Private Space Station Resupply Underway, Plans Readied for Astronauts

NASA Administrator Charles Bolden Wednesday hailed the success of the agency’s public-private partnership with American companies to resupply the International Space Station and announced the next phase of contracting with U.S. companies to transport astronauts is set to begin next week.

A little more than two years after the end of the Space Shuttle Program, the United States now has two space transportation systems capable of delivering science experiments and supplies from U.S. soil to the International Space Station. Under an ambitious plan funded by the Obama Administration, the agency is seeking to partner with American companies to send NASA astronauts to the space station as soon as 2017.

Bolden provided remarks at NASA Headquarters in Washington as agency officials announced the successful conclusion of the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program, an initiative that aimed to achieve safe, reliable and cost-effective commercial transportation to and from the space station and low-Earth orbit.

The rockets and spacecraft developed by NASA's partners Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (SpaceX) and Orbital Sciences Corp. under COTS have significantly increased NASA's ability to conduct new scientific investigations aboard the orbiting laboratory. All current and planned U.S. experiments aboard the station will be facilitated in some way by a SpaceX or Orbital Sciences resupply mission.

"America’s best days in space exploration are ahead of us thanks to the grit and determination of those in government, and the private sector, who dare to dream big dreams and have the skills to turn them into reality," Bolden said. "We’ve ended the outsourcing of space station resupply work and brought those jobs back home to America. The commercial space industry will be an engine of 21st century American economic growth and will help us carry out even more ambitious deep space exploration missions."

SpaceX was selected as a NASA partner in 2006 to develop its Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket. SpaceX completed its COTS development with a demonstration mission to the space station in 2012, restoring an American capability to deliver and return cargo for the first time since the retirement of the space shuttle in 2011.

SpaceX has since flown the first two of 12 contracted cargo resupply flights to the space station through a $1.6 billion Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) contract with NASA.

"The COTS program was a great success -- not only for NASA and the commercial space industry, but also the American taxpayer," said Gwynne Shotwell, SpaceX president and COO. "Together, NASA and SpaceX restored cargo transport capabilities to the United States and also laid the foundation for the future transport of American astronauts. SpaceX appreciates NASA’s ongoing support and is honored to partner with them in these efforts."

Orbital Sciences was selected as a NASA partner in 2008 and completed development of its Cygnus spacecraft and Antares rocket in October with a successful demonstration mission to the space station. The final review of the mission by NASA this month marked the beginning of closeout activities for the COTS program. Orbital Sciences is poised to launch the first of its eight cargo resupply missions to the space station in December through its $1.9 billion CRS contract with NASA.

"Orbital’s successful completion of the COTS program, including two launches of the new Antares rocket and the first mission to the International Space Station by the Cygnus cargo logistics spacecraft, was the direct result of the outstanding collaboration between the NASA and Orbital engineering and program management teams," said Frank Culbertson, Executive Vice President and General Manager of Orbital’s Advanced Programs Group. "The unique structure of the COTS initiative, under which NASA’s technical expertise, experienced human spaceflight workforce, and well-honed safety operations standards provided the overall framework, enabled Orbital to bring the energy, innovation and discipline of the commercial sector to the program, resulting in a reliable and cost-effective resupply service."

Orbital Sciences and SpaceX offer some similar capabilities to resupply cargo, ensuring NASA can maintain continuity in delivering critical supplies for space station crews. Each company also offers unique capabilities of importance to NASA. Orbital Sciences' Cygnus spacecraft can carry a large pressurized volume of cargo. Cygnus burns up in Earth's atmosphere on reentry, which allows astronauts to discard items no longer needed aboard the station by loading them inside the spacecraft before its departure. SpaceX's Dragon is the only spacecraft in the world capable of returning large amounts of cargo from space, which includes science experiments conducted aboard the station that can be delivered to researchers on Earth. Dragon also can carry unpressurized cargo, destined for the exterior of the space station, underneath the spacecraft.

Throughout the COTS program, NASA's partners achieved a number of important spaceflight firsts for the U.S. commercial space industry. This included the first commercial spacecraft to orbit and return to Earth, achieved by SpaceX. The company also was the first commercial provider to resupply the space station. Orbital Sciences was the first company to launch to the space station from Virginia, beginning its mission from the new Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport Pad-0A at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Va.

NASA and its Commercial Crew Program partners also are working to develop the next generation of U.S. spacecraft and rockets capable of transporting humans to and from low-Earth orbit from American soil. NASA intends to use new commercial capabilities to fly U.S. astronauts to and from the International Space Station within the next four years. On Nov. 19, the agency will issue a final Request for Proposals for the new Commercial Crew Transportation Capability (CCTCap) contract, designed to ensure commercial companies meet NASA’s safety requirements for transporting NASA crews to the space station. This procurement phase is expected to include crewed demonstration missions to the space station before 2017.

For more information about NASA's commercial space initiatives, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/commercial

NASA

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

domingo, 10 de noviembre de 2013

CULTURA: Chopra y Dawkins discrepan sobre ciencia, religión y espiritualidad en México



Chopra y Dawkins discrepan sobre ciencia, religión y espiritualidad en México

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Chopra y Dawkins discrepan sobre ciencia, religión y espiritualidad en México

(EFE) – Hace 1 día

Puebla (México), 9 nov (EFE).- El médico, escritor y conferencista indio Deepak Chopra y el científico británico, Richard Dawkins discreparon hoy sobre los temas de la ciencia, la religión y la espiritualidad en un foro en la ciudad mexicana de Puebla.

El encuentro entre los dos escritores, con decenas de libros traducidos muchos idiomas, fue denominado "La charla del siglo" en el festival Ciudad de las Ideas que reúne cada año a decenas de pensadores, científicos y artistas en Puebla, centro de México.

El médico indio que promueve una medicina apoyada en factores espirituales, afirmó que la ciencia nunca podrá conocer el significado de la vida y afirmó que, "la búsqueda de un Dios es el instinto más elevado que conocemos y el porque existe la evolución".

Por su parte Dawkins, uno de los más destacados defensores de la ciencia y el ateísmo, afirmó que la idea de la "fe ciega", el creer en algo sin evidencia y esconderse en ese dicho, propicia que se presenten puntos negativos en la religión.

"Hay muchas personas bondadosas que han hecho cosas terribles porque lo hacen por su Dios, por esa "fe ciega", que puede tener ese efecto negativo", explicó el científico, y añadió que "el enemigo de la ciencia y la verdad, que es el oscurantismo".

Sobre la conciencia, Chopra aseguró que el universo tiene un propósito, y aún los organismos más pequeños y primigenios, "hasta un átomo o célula" tienen conciencia y sensibilidad, por lo que, no sólo los seres humanos están diseñados para entender y generar ideas.

"Las leyes naturales son precisas y hay una inteligencia que organiza las cosas y una consciencia más profunda que escogió este universo, por supuesto a la velocidad de la luz", dijo.

Agregó que la "ciencia ha evolucionado sin incluir la espiritualidad", y aseguró que "ese es uno de los principales problemas de la humanidad, dado que las guerras, el uso de armas nucleares y otros conflictos, se configuran sin pensar en los otros".

En respuesta, Dawkins, señaló que sólo los organismos que poseen un cerebro y terminales nerviosas pueden tener un objetivo, así como sensibilidad en su entorno.

Dawkins reprochó a Chopra utilizar de forma inapropiada una jerga de palabras para confundir a la gente porque la ciencia demuestra que el universo contiene sensibilidad, pero no es sensible. No hay inteligencia superior que cree propósitos.

Recordó que la "evolución tiene selección natural y aleatoria", y de acuerdo la teoría de la selección natural de Darwin, los seres humanos tuvieron que pasar por más de 4 mil millones años de evolución para ser lo que son hoy.

Rreconoció que "la consciencia es algo profundamente difícil de entender y la ciencia necesita de manera desesperada explicar", pero insistió en que "la fe ciega y las creencias en algo carente de evidencia, contienen un efecto negativo. Y en ese caso, la religión promueve "cosas que parecen ser una explicación porque llega a las emociones, pero no explican nada".

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com
ayabaca@yahoo.com

TENIS: Nadal fulmina a Federer y alcanza por segunda vez la final de los Maestros



Nadal fulmina a Federer y alcanza por segunda vez la final de los Maestros

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Nadal fulmina a Federer y alcanza por segunda vez la final de los Maestros

(EFE) – hace 8 horas

Londres, 10 nov (EFE).- El español Rafael Nadal se clasificó hoy por segunda vez en su carrera para la final de la Copa de Maestros en Londres al imponerse al suizo Roger Federer por 7-5 y 6-3, en una hora y 19 minutos.

El número uno del mundo se medirá mañana lunes contra el ganador del duelo de esta tarde entre el serbio Novak Djokovic y el también suizo Stanislas Wawrinka para tratar de conquistar uno de los pocos títulos que aún falta en su palmarés.

El balear disputará su segunda final en el torneo que reúne a los ocho mejores del ránking al término de cada temporada -perdió ante Federer en 2010-, mientras que el suizo quedó eliminado de un campeonato que ha conquistado en seis ocasiones, más que ningún otro tenista.

Federer se enfrentaba hoy en Londres a Nadal y a su propio estado de forma, un día después de un exigente duelo de dos horas y media ante el argentino Juan Martín del Potro y al término de una temporada en la que tan solo ha levantado un torneo menor (Halle), su peor resultado en más de una década.

"La segunda rotura del segundo set ha sido muy importante. Ganar el primer parcial era importante aunque con Federer siempre es complicado, porque como se lo juega todo a cara o cruz, te hace sentir que el partido está en sus manos", dijo Nadal todavía sobre la pista a Teledeporte.

"Pero después de haber jugado un partido largo ayer, tenía una ventaja que he aprovechado", recalcó el jugador español sobre en duelo entre el suizo y el argentino.

"He hecho un partido correcto", resumió Nadal, "algunos de los puntos de rotura los he disputado con la decisión adecuada y quizás Federer ha cometido algún error más de lo normal, y eso me ha ayudado", dijo Nadal contento de estar en la final de un torneo en el que nunca ha podido triunfar.

"Históricamente es el que se me ha dado peor, pero mañana voy a hacer lo posible por ganarlo. De todas formas, pase lo que pase, este año es de los mejores de mi carrera", añadió.

A pesar de que su carrera parece haber entrado en declive, el helvético, el tenista que más torneos del Grand Slam ha ganado (17), luchaba en esta edición para hacerse con su séptima Copa de Maestros en uno de sus escenarios fetiche.

En el O2 Arena de la capital británica, Federer derribó hace dos años con un sonoro 6-3 y 6-0 a Nadal, que nunca hasta hoy había batido al suizo en una pista cubierta.

El balear, de 27 años, saltaba al tapete azul de Londres descansado tras el encuentro del viernes ante el checo Tomas Berdych, motivado para cerrar con honores una temporada brillante en la que ha vuelto a ser el primer tenista del mundo después de siete meses fuera de las pistas por su lesión de rodilla.

La ATP entregó esta semana dos trofeos al español, el que le acredita como número uno en 2013 y el de Mejor Regreso del Año, pero Nadal no tiene suficiente con eso y está en Londres, ante todo, para llevarse la Copa de Maestros y redondear un currículum casi inmejorable.

Sobre el papel, a Federer le favorecía hoy la pista rápida de Londres, en la que puede encadenar tiros certeros sin la molestia del viento, mientras que Nadal habría preferido jugar en un escenario que premiara su genio y su capacidad para resolver situaciones comprometidas antes que la perfección estilística del suizo.

El español nunca había gando a Federer bajo techo, pero hoy salió a la pista convencido de que podía cambiar esa historia. El mallorquín no cedió un solo punto con su servicio hasta el sexto juego.

Entonces apareció por primera vez el verdadero Federer, que puso contra las cuerdas al español con tres bolas de rotura que Nadal solvento con solvencia y que le sirvieron para asentar su autoridad sobre la pista.

El suizo, que no había sufrido hasta entonces al servicio, comenzó a ver cómo el número uno empezaba a estar inmunizado contra sus ataques y castigaba sus intentos de subir a la red. Nadal fabricó dos opciones de rotura y aprovechó la primera con un tiro ganador.

Con todo, Del Potro ya advirtió ayer sábado que una rotura no es suficiente para sentirse seguro ante un tenista como Federer, que hoy confirmó esas palabras al echar por tierra en el siguiente juego la ventaja del español.

El helvético, capaz de sacarse golpes brillantes que descolocaban a Nadal, sufría al mismo tiempo demasiados altibajos, que permitieron al español llevarse el primer set antes del tercer cuarto de hora de partido.

No habían pasado más de veinte minutos del segundo parcial, cuando el tenista suizo estrelló en la red una bola que permitió al español adquirir una ventaja de 3-2.

Federer fallaba demasiados golpes poco comprometidos como para poner en apuros en el tramo final del partido a Nadal, que con la confianza de verse a pocos pasos de la final, cerró el duelo con inusual rapidez, imponiéndose al resto.

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui