Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta The National Science Foundation (NSF). Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta The National Science Foundation (NSF). Mostrar todas las entradas

domingo, 19 de octubre de 2014

nsf.gov - National Science Foundation - Halting the spread of Ebola: Case of Nigeria a model for quick action, scientists find

Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., la Fundación Nacional de Ciencia de Los Estados Unidos, nos informa sobre las investigaciones  que se están contra el Virus del Ébola en Nigeria...."Ebola. La palabra trae temor a un enemigo invisible y potencialmente letal. Pero hay formas de detener su propagación, dicen los científicos en enfermedades infecciosas.
Se requiere una intervención rápida, de acuerdo con los investigadores, quienes recientemente publicaron sus hallazgos en la revista Eurosurveillance.
Analizar casos de Ébola en Nigeria, un país con éxito en la contención de la enfermedad, los científicos estima que la tasa de mortalidad, la progresión de la transmisión, la proporción de trabajadores de la salud infectados, y el efecto de las intervenciones de control del tamaño de la epidemia......................
Rapid control measures critical to stopping the virus in its tracks
health workers in biohazard gear
Stopping Ebola in its tracks calls for rapid control measures in Africa and elsewhere.
Credit and Larger Version
October 16, 2014
The following is part ten in a series on the NSF-NIH-USDA Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases (EEID) Program. See parts: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight and nine.
Ebola. The word brings fear of an unseen and potentially lethal enemy. But there are ways to stop its spread, say infectious disease scientists.
Quick intervention is needed, according to the researchers, who recently published their findings in the journal Eurosurveillance.
Analyzing Ebola cases in Nigeria, a country with success in containing the disease, the scientists estimated the rate of fatality, transmission progression, proportion of health care workers infected, and the effect of control interventions on the size of the epidemic.
 
Rapid response needed
 
"Rapid control is necessary, as is demonstrated by the Nigerian success story," says Arizona State University (ASU) scientist Gerardo Chowell, senior author of the paper.
"This is critically important for countries in the West Africa region that are not yet affected by the Ebola epidemic, as well as for countries in other regions of the world that risk importation of the disease."
The research is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)-National Institutes of Health (NIH)-Department of Agriculture (USDA) Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases (EEID) Program.
"Controlling a deadly disease like Ebola requires understanding how it's likely to spread, and knowing the ways of managing that spread that are most likely to be effective," says Sam Scheiner, NSF EEID program director.
"Being able to respond quickly needs a foundation of knowledge acquired over many years. The work of these scientists is testimony to long-term funding by the EEID program."
 
Control measures in Nigeria
 
The largest Ebola outbreak to date is ongoing in West Africa, with more than 8,000 reported cases and 4,000 deaths. However, just 20 Ebola cases have been reported in Nigeria, with no new cases since early September.
All the cases in Nigeria stem from a single traveler returning from Liberia in July.
The study used epidemic modeling and computer simulations to project the size of the outbreak in Nigeria if control interventions had been implemented during various time periods after the initial case, and estimated how many cases had been prevented by the actual early interventions.
"This timely work demonstrates how computational simulations, informed by data from health care officials and the complex social web of contacts and activities, can be used to develop both preparedness plans and response scenarios," says Sylvia Spengler, program director in NSF's Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering, which also supported the research.
Control measures implemented in Nigeria included holding all people showing Ebola symptoms in an isolation ward if they had had contact with the initial case. If Ebola was confirmed through testing, people diagnosed with the disease were moved to a treatment center.
Asymptomatic individuals were separated from those showing symptoms; those who tested negative without symptoms were discharged.
Those who tested negative but showed symptoms--fever, vomiting, sore throat and diarrhea--were observed and discharged after 21 days if they were then free of symptoms, while being kept apart from people who had tested positive.
 
Brief window of opportunity
 
Ebola transmission is dramatically influenced by how rapidly control measures are put into place.
"Actions taken by health authorities to contain the spread of disease sometimes can, perversely, spread it," says NSF-funded scientist Charles Perrings, also of ASU.
"In the Nigeria case, people who tested negative but had some of the symptoms were not put alongside others who tested positive," says Perrings. "So they had no incentive to flee, and their isolation did nothing to increase infection rates. Elsewhere in the region isolation policies have had a different effect."
The researchers found that the projected effect of control interventions in Nigeria ranged from 15-106 cases when interventions are put in place on day 3; 20-178 cases when implemented on day 10; 23-282 cases on day 20; 60-666 cases on day 30; 39-1,599 cases on day 40; and 93-2,771 on day 50.
The person who was initially infected generated 12 secondary cases in the first generation of the disease; five secondary cases were generated from those 12 in the second generation; and two secondary cases in the third generation.
That leads to a rough estimate of the reproduction number according to disease generation declining from 12 during the first generation, to approximately 0.4 during the second and third disease generations.
A reproductive number above 1.0 indicates that the disease has the potential to spread.
Recent estimates of the reproduction number for the ongoing Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone and Liberia range between 1.5 and 2 (two new cases for each single case), indicating that the outbreak has yet to be brought under control.
The effectiveness of the Nigerian response, scientists say, is illustrated by a dramatic decrease in the number of secondary cases over time.
The success story for Nigeria, they maintain, sets a hopeful example for other countries, including the United States.
Co-authors of the Eurosurveillance paper are Gerardo Chowell, Arizona State University; Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Aminu Shittu, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Nigeria; David Lazarus, National Veterinary Research Institute, Plateau State, Nigeria; Oyewale Tomori, Nigerian Academy of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Lone Simonsen, George Washington University, Washington, D. C.; and Cecile Viboud, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
-- Cheryl Dybas, NSF (703) 292-7734 cdybas@nsf.gov
-- Julie Newberg, ASU (480) 727-3116 julie.newberg@asu.edu
Related Programs Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease
Related WebsitesNSF Special Report: Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases: http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/ecoinf/
NSF Grant: US-UK Collab: Risks of Animal and Plant Infectious Diseases through Trade (RAPID Trade):
 http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1414374&HistoricalAwards=false
NSF Grant: III: Small: Data Management for Real-Time Data Driven Epidemic Spread Simulations: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1318788&HistoricalAwards=false
NSF News: Outbreak: Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease grants support research on disease transmission:
 http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=129280

Particles of the Ebola virus have found their way to several African countries--and beyond.
Credit and Larger Version
poster showing steps in global health security to stope ebola outbreak
Global health security depends on how fast an infection is recognized and brought under control.
Credit and Larger Version
Ebola virus, as seen under a transmission electron microscope.
Ebola, as seen under a transmission electron microscope.
Credit and Larger Version
Outbreak distribution map of Ebola in Africa, since its first known incidence.
Outbreak distribution map of Ebola in Africa, since its first known incidence.
Credit and Larger Version
graphic showing the ebola virus ecology
How does Ebola begin? To find answers, look to the ecology of infectious diseases.
Credit and Larger Versión
The National Science Foundation (NSF)
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com
ayabaca@yahoo.com

jueves, 17 de abril de 2014

nsf.gov - National Science Foundation: Special for Earth Day: New NSF resources highlight surprising ecological and economic benefits of biodiversity

Multimedia resources explain little known societal benefits of biodiversity, bust myths and describe new, high-tech approaches for measuring impacts of environmental change on biodiversity
graphic showing various marine organisms and the text photogallery
A slideshow on how biodiversity boosts the economy.
Credit and Larger Version
April 17, 2014
Every organism on Earth, from microbes to plants to large predators, has evolved unique survival mechanisms and distinct ecological roles. For decades, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has funded basic research on how these varied organisms, which make up the Earth's biodiversity, function.
For example, recent findings about how geckos climb up vertical walls and walk across ceilings led to the development of new adhesives and wall-climbing robots that may be used to, for example, produce new gravity-defying climbing boots and help collect space junk. (Learn more about gecko-inspired discoveries in the accompanying slide show.)
Kellar Autumn of Lewis & Clark College, who helped characterize the nanophysics of the gecko's Spider Man-like abilities, said, "Geckos, which evolved 160 million years ago are so novel that engineers would never have developed nano-adhesive structures without them. It took 15 years and lots of NSF support to understand the basic physical principles of gecko adhesion and then to apply them to make them work. This suggests that there is a library of biodiversity that can be mined for valuable uses if we have enough resources and enough time--in light of high extinction rates--to really understand them."
 
New resources
Learn more about the amazingly diverse ecological and economic benefits of biodiversity and its enduring mysteries from these accompanying resources:
  • 10 Surprising Ways that Biodiversity Benefits the Economy: A slide show about how basic research on biodiversity drives innovation, boosts the economy and produces other important societal benefits.
  • Biodiversity: A Boon to Brain Research: A video about how two unlikely microbes (that don't even have brains) made possible the development of one of today's most promising brain research tools--which is being used to study many brain diseases and disorders, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's, epilepsy and anxiety.
  • NEON at a Glance: A video about the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON)--which will be a massive nationwide infrastructure for collecting standardized long-term data on biodiversity (and other ecological variables) throughout the United States. Currently under construction and partially operational, NEON will enable scientists to generate the first apples-to-apples comparisons of ecosystem health over time. NEON will be fully operational in 2017.
  • A Google+ Hangout on the surprising ecological and economic benefits of biodiversity: Held on April 17, 2014, the Hangout covered ecological benefits of biodiversity that have been scientifically tested and others that have yet to be tested; how biodiversity boosts scientific and engineering innovation and new tools used to measure biodiversity in the face of environmental change.
Panelists in the Hangout were:
  • Ed Boyden of MIT: A neuroscientist and expert on how studies of biodiversity have helped generate revolutionary new research tools. A recent press release on Boyden's brain research reviews the contributions of biodiversity to his research advances.
  • Bradley Cardinale of the University of Michigan: An expert on the impacts of humans on biodiversity and ecosystem health, and on how losses of biodiversity may impact ecological processes.
  • Sarah Bergbreiter of the University of Maryland: An expert in insect-inspired robotics. Bergbreiter's research on micro robots was covered in a recent Science Nation video.
  • Steve Polasky of the University of Minnesota: An expert on integrating ecological and economic analyses, biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services.
  • Elizabeth Blood of NSF: NSF's program director for NEON.
-NSF-
Media Contacts Lily Whiteman, National Science Foundation, (703) 292-8310, lwhitema@nsf.gov
Related WebsitesFollowing in the Footsteps of Nature (article about gecko-inspired innovations): http://www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=116297
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering. In fiscal year (FY) 2014, its budget is $7.2 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 colleges, universities and other institutions. Each year, NSF receives about 50,000 competitive requests for funding, and makes about 11,500 new funding awards. NSF also awards about $593 million in professional and service contracts yearly.
Useful NSF Web Sites:
NSF Home Page: http://www.nsf.gov
NSF News: http://www.nsf.gov/news/
For the News Media: http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jsp
Science and Engineering Statistics: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/
Awards Searches: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/
light beam on a neutron
View Video
Biodiversity: A boon for brain research.
Credit and Larger Version
Graphic illustration showing the NEON logo and a grreen field
View Video
NEON at a Glance: A quick video overview of NEON.
Credit and Larger Version

The National Science Foundation (NSF)
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

jueves, 13 de marzo de 2014

nsf.gov - National Science Foundation - New bilateral pilot opportunity will fund collaborations between US and UK bioscience researchers


Proposals on systems biology, computational biology, bioinformatics and synthetic biology are eligible for consideration for joint US/UK funding
flags of the United States and the United Kingdom
U.S./U.K. research teams may now seek joint U.S./U.K. funding through a simplified mechanism.
Credit and Larger Version
March 4, 2014
A new, two-year pilot opportunity--known as The U.S. NSF/BIO-UK BBSRC Lead Agency Pilot Opportunity--is being formally launched today.
This Pilot opportunity is designed to make it easier for research teams comprised of scientists from the United States and the United Kingdom to manage funding logistics and to simultaneously obtain funding from both countries. It is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF) Directorate for Biological Sciences and the U.K.'s Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).
This Pilot opportunity will use a simplified, flexible review process that will allow U.S./U.K. research teams to submit a single proposal that will undergo a single review process by only one of the partner agencies. Successful proposals will be funded by both NSF and the BBSRC.
Cora B. Marrett, acting director of NSF, said, "Although NSF has always funded U.S. scientists involved in international collaborations, such collaborations have become increasingly important, partly because of the rapid globalization of research. The many benefits of this Pilot opportunity will include better coordination of funding for U.S./U.K. research teams and increased bilateral awareness of scientific strengths and advancements between the U.S. and U.K. funding agencies."
Jackie Hunter, BBSRC chief executive, said, "Partnerships are vital to U.K. bioscience, offering the opportunity to combine resources and expertise to tackle global challenges. As funders, we are working to reduce some of the barriers encountered by researchers when working with international partners. This pilot is an important step that will help to streamline the collaborative funding process between NSF and BBSRC, making applications easier for those in our community working with the U.S."
The Pilot opportunity was created under a Memorandum of Understanding between NSF and the U.K.'s research councils, which support research partnerships between the two countries. The Pilot opportunity is designed to reduce obstacles that have traditionally been faced by researchers wishing to form international teams. These obstacles include identifying appropriate funding agencies; risking "double jeopardy," where one country's funding agency decides to fund an international team's research proposal, but the partner country does not; and dealing with the different timetables of different funding agencies.
The first step in applying for funding under The Pilot opportunity will be for each research team to select a lead agency based on whether its proposed research would fall more within the scope of NSF'S Directorate for Biological Sciences or that of the BBSRC. Then, each team will submit to its proposed lead agency an Intention to Submit (ITS) that summarizes its proposed research, funding request and other associated information. These documents will be reviewed in August 2014 and August 2015.
Based on each team's ITS, the team's lead agency will determine whether the team will be invited to submit a full proposal. Full proposals will be reviewed in fall 2014 and fall 2015; these reviews will be conducted according to the review criteria of each team's lead agency. Proposals that cover systems biology, computational biology, bioinformatics and synthetic biology (the latter, only for fall 2015 submissions) will be eligible for consideration.
Although the review criteria of NSF and BBSRC are not identical, both agencies' criteria include evaluations by invited reviewers on proposals' scientific or intellectual merit as well as on their broader societal impacts. The decision made by the lead agency on each proposal will be discussed with the partner agency. If a research team receives an award, its U.S. researchers will be funded by NSF, and its U.K. researchers will be funded by the BBSRC.
More information about The U.S. NSF/BIO-UK BBSRC Lead Agency Pilot Opportunity, including submission deadlines, is provided in NSF's Dear Colleague Letter and on the BBSRC's website, which features its Management Plan for the pilot opportunity.
-NSF-
Media Contacts Lily Whiteman, National Science Foundation, (703) 292-8310, lwhitema@nsf.gov
Robert Dawson, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of U.K., 01793413204, robert.dawson@bbsrc.ac.uk
Program Contacts James Deshler, National Science Foundation, (703) 292-7871, jdeshler@nsf.gov
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering. In fiscal year (FY) 2014, its budget is $7.2 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 colleges, universities and other institutions. Each year, NSF receives about 50,000 competitive requests for funding, and makes about 11,500 new funding awards. NSF also awards about $593 million in professional and service contracts yearly.
Useful NSF Web Sites:
NSF Home Page: http://www.nsf.gov
NSF News: http://www.nsf.gov/news/
For the News Media: http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jsp
Science and Engineering Statistics: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/
Awards Searches: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/
The National Science Foundation (NSF)
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

martes, 4 de marzo de 2014

nsf.gov - National Science Foundation - New bilateral pilot opportunity will fund collaborations between US and UK bioscience researchers

Proposals on systems biology, computational biology, bioinformatics and synthetic biology are eligible for consideration for joint US/UK funding
flags of the United States and the United Kingdom
U.S./U.K. research teams may now seek joint U.S./U.K. funding through a simplified mechanism.
Credit and Larger Version
March 4, 2014
A new, two-year pilot opportunity--known as The U.S. NSF/BIO-UK BBSRC Lead Agency Pilot Opportunity--is being formally launched today.
This Pilot opportunity is designed to make it easier for research teams comprised of scientists from the United States and the United Kingdom to manage funding logistics and to simultaneously obtain funding from both countries. It is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF) Directorate for Biological Sciences and the U.K.'s Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).
This Pilot opportunity will use a simplified, flexible review process that will allow U.S./U.K. research teams to submit a single proposal that will undergo a single review process by only one of the partner agencies. Successful proposals will be funded by both NSF and the BBSRC.
Cora B. Marrett, acting director of NSF, said, "Although NSF has always funded U.S. scientists involved in international collaborations, such collaborations have become increasingly important, partly because of the rapid globalization of research. The many benefits of this Pilot opportunity will include better coordination of funding for U.S./U.K. research teams and increased bilateral awareness of scientific strengths and advancements between the U.S. and U.K. funding agencies."
Jackie Hunter, BBSRC chief executive, said, "Partnerships are vital to U.K. bioscience, offering the opportunity to combine resources and expertise to tackle global challenges. As funders, we are working to reduce some of the barriers encountered by researchers when working with international partners. This pilot is an important step that will help to streamline the collaborative funding process between NSF and BBSRC, making applications easier for those in our community working with the U.S."
The Pilot opportunity was created under a Memorandum of Understanding between NSF and the U.K.'s research councils, which support research partnerships between the two countries. The Pilot opportunity is designed to reduce obstacles that have traditionally been faced by researchers wishing to form international teams. These obstacles include identifying appropriate funding agencies; risking "double jeopardy," where one country's funding agency decides to fund an international team's research proposal, but the partner country does not; and dealing with the different timetables of different funding agencies.
The first step in applying for funding under The Pilot opportunity will be for each research team to select a lead agency based on whether its proposed research would fall more within the scope of NSF'S Directorate for Biological Sciences or that of the BBSRC. Then, each team will submit to its proposed lead agency an Intention to Submit (ITS) that summarizes its proposed research, funding request and other associated information. These documents will be reviewed in August 2014 and August 2015.
Based on each team's ITS, the team's lead agency will determine whether the team will be invited to submit a full proposal. Full proposals will be reviewed in fall 2014 and fall 2015; these reviews will be conducted according to the review criteria of each team's lead agency. Proposals that cover systems biology, computational biology, bioinformatics and synthetic biology (the latter, only for fall 2015 submissions) will be eligible for consideration.
Although the review criteria of NSF and BBSRC are not identical, both agencies' criteria include evaluations by invited reviewers on proposals' scientific or intellectual merit as well as on their broader societal impacts. The decision made by the lead agency on each proposal will be discussed with the partner agency. If a research team receives an award, its U.S. researchers will be funded by NSF, and its U.K. researchers will be funded by the BBSRC.
More information about The U.S. NSF/BIO-UK BBSRC Lead Agency Pilot Opportunity, including submission deadlines, is provided in NSF's Dear Colleague Letter and on the BBSRC's website, which features its Management Plan for the pilot opportunity.
-NSF-
Media Contacts Lily Whiteman, National Science Foundation, (703) 292-8310,
lwhitema@nsf.gov
Robert Dawson, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of U.K., 01793413204, robert.dawson@bbsrc.ac.uk
Program Contacts James Deshler, National Science Foundation, (703) 292-7871,
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering. In fiscal year (FY) 2014, its budget is $7.2 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 colleges, universities and other institutions. Each year, NSF receives about 50,000 competitive requests for funding, and makes about 11,500 new funding awards. NSF also awards about $593 million in professional and service contracts yearly.
Useful NSF Web Sites:
NSF Home Page: http://www.nsf.gov
NSF News: http://www.nsf.gov/news/
For the News Media: http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jsp
Science and Engineering Statistics: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/
Awards Searches: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/
The National Science Foundation (NSF)
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

domingo, 3 de noviembre de 2013

nsf.gov - National Science Foundation - Making room for science at Oklahoma's tribal colleges

Partnership with the state's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research opens doors for tribal college students
Student with a haorned toad on her shoulder
Students learning about horned toads at a summer camp hosted by Comanche Nation College.
Credit and Larger Version
November 1, 2013
More than three centuries ago, when the Comanches ruled America's southern plains, they sought horned toads. Squat, spiked and a tad imposing, the toad--which is actually a lizard--was believed to lead Comanches to buffalo, the tribe's sustenance. Comanches would ask, "Where are the buffalo?" and follow whatever direction the lizard pointed.
More than two months ago, a group of Comanches once again sought horned toads. This time, however, the quest was for science.
The Comanches were a group of high school students in a summer camp hosted by Comanche Nation College (CNC), a tribal college in Lawton, a city in southwest Oklahoma. Led by a biologist from CNC and zoologists from Oklahoma State University, the students conducted fieldwork on the endangered lizard.
Comanche students from rural schools "don't have as many opportunities to be around the biological sciences," said Gene Pekah, dean of student services at CNC. "So we're going to create those opportunities for them and hopefully create an interest."
The horned toad camp was one such opportunity. A partnership with the state's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) funded similar camps hosted by CNC.
Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), EPSCoR promotes development of a state's science and technology resources, boosting competitiveness through collaborations among academia, government and the private sector. Currently, 31 U.S. states and territories have an EPSCoR project.
The program is all about broadening participation in state-of-the-art science, said James Wicksted, associate director of Oklahoma's EPSCoR program and a professor at Oklahoma State University. According to Wicksted, it made complete sense to partner with the state's tribal colleges because Oklahoma has a large American Indian population, and the state's colleges and universities graduate many American Indian students.
Nationwide, however, American Indian students lag far behind in higher education. According to the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, less than 1 percent of all science and engineering degrees--bachelor's, master's and doctorates--are awarded to American Indians or Alaskan Natives. Less than 1 percent of American Indian and Alaskan Native students make up the entire U.S. college-age population.
"It's a percent of a percent of a percent type thing," Pekah said.
 
Weaving science with culture
Oklahoma EPSCoR enriched its tribal outreach after developing summer research programs. The staff wanted to expand the program to tribal students--allowing them to spend part of the summer in labs at the state's main universities, learning sophisticated science--but realized those students often didn't have a solid science background due to a lack of science resources at tribal schools.
"For the students to use the science they learned during these summer programs, they had to know some of the basics," Wicksted said.
So, Oklahoma's EPSCoR, which also partnered with the College of Muscogee Nation (CMN), another tribal college in Okmulgee, due east of Oklahoma City, helped both schools upgrade their facilities with new computers, smart classroom technologies, IT experts, and faster networking. The upgrades gave many students their first-ever email address.
Both CNC and CMN are relatively young schools--founded in 2002 and, 2004, respectively--and offer associates degrees. Full-time enrollment at CNC is less than 100 students, while that of CMN is about 200 students. Though many students are tribal members, the colleges serve the entire community. Classes on the language, history and culture of the Comanche and Muscogee tribes are mandatory.
CNC has hosted a variety of summer science camps, some funded through EPSCoR and others through different federal programs. CNC also has an undergraduate research and mentoring program between the college and Oklahoma State University, funded through grants from NSF's Division of Biological Infrastructure.
Meanwhile, CMN is creating the school's first-ever science course, teaching biology, human anatomy and physical science.
"There's a lot of enthusiasm" on campus for the classes, said Cynthia Sanders, CMN's new science instructor.
There also are a lot of challenges. Sanders will teach a wide range of students--some with extensive high school experience and some who will set foot in a lab for the very first time at CMN.
"I want them to get the idea that they can be challenged, and they cannot be overwhelmed," she said.
At both schools, great effort has been made to ensure the science is relevant. The horned toad camp blended population studies and DNA analysis with lessons on Comanche culture. A unit on measurement relates to Muscogee words for measuring and their discovery of the concept of zero. Engineering is taught through Comanche teepee structure.
"Taking a science class and integrating it with lessons on history helps students understand their culture and themselves," said CNC President Consuelo Lopez.
Valuing American Indian culture--weaving it within the school curriculum--also helps academics.
"We understand where our students are coming from," said CMN President Robert Bible. As a public school teacher, Bible saw many bright American Indian students lose interest in school, with lessons and teachers disconnected from their heritage.
"[At CMN], we understand the culture, we understand the language," he said. The majority of the staff is Muscogee, and many live within the tribe's boundaries. "That's made a big difference."
Leaders at both CNC and CMN say they want to create opportunities beyond the tribal college.
"They have an understanding that success comes from more than just one class," said Denise Barnes, who heads the EPSCoR program at NSF. Students need flexibility, cultural awareness and experience with the faculty and logistics of four-year schools if they are to advance their education, she said. "Total support has to be there."
CNC and CMN are working hard to ensure that it is. The EPSCoR partnership allows Comanche and Muscogee students to visit Oklahoma's four-year institutions. It gives tribal college students a chance to see firsthand labs, research and life at a major university. "They see that it's possible," Bible said.
Lopez remembers one student who arrived at CNC knowing he wanted a GED diploma, but not much else. Some science and math classes later, he was hooked. "Now a science major, he has moved on to a bigger school, though he still comes to CNC for classes," she said. "He already has plans to be a scientist."
-- Jessica Arriens, (703) 292-2243 jarriens@nsf.gov
Investigators Gene Pekah
Kristen Baum
Donald French
James Wicksted
Alicia Knoedler
Related Institutions/Organizations Comanche Nation College
Oklahoma State University
Locations Oklahoma
Total Grants $5,000,000
 
Photo of professor teaching parts of  a skull to a student
College of Muscogee Nation science instructor Cynthia Sanders lectures on parts of the skeleton.
Credit and Larger Version
CMN students in a lab doing a cat dissection
Human anatomy students at the College of Muscogee Nation study posterior muscles.
Credit and Larger Version
Students and professors walking on a road between hills
Students and professors head out in search of horned toads during a summer camp.
Credit and Larger Version
Students with binoculars at horned toad camp in Oklahoma
Comanche high school students search for horned toads during a summer science camp.
Credit and Larger Version
 
the National Science Foundation (NSF)
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

domingo, 1 de septiembre de 2013

nsf.gov - Is it a bird, a plane, a UFO? It's a...red sprite


Strange lights in the sky studied by atmospheric scientists
A sky with red sprites
Red sprites, these strange lights in the sky are called; they form above thunderstorms.
Credit and Larger Version
August 26, 2013
Is it a bird, is it a plane, is it a UFO? Strange lights in the sky are being closely watched by atmospheric scientists.
Dubbed red sprites by researchers, these dancing fairies-of-the-clouds are sometimes glimpsed as blood-red bursts of light in the shape of jellyfish.
At other times, they appear as trumpet-shaped blue emissions, called blue jets. Like the most elusive of nymphs, however, red sprites and blue jets come out on only one occasion: during severe thunderstorms.
Although sporadically reported for years by airline pilots, only in the past decade or two has there been enough evidence to convince atmospheric scientists to investigate the phenomenon.
 
What's that in the skies?
Now baffled researchers asking "What in the world is this?" may have found answers.
Above a thunderstorm's black clouds, sprites appear as bursts of red light flashing far into Earth's atmosphere, according to scientist Hans Nielsen of the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
The brief flashes look like glowing jellyfish, with red bells and purple tentacles. In a single night, a large thunderstorm system can emit up to one hundred sprites.
Into the wild blue--or red--yonder
Nielsen, Jason Ahrns, also of the University of Alaska at Fairbanks, Matthew McHarg of the U.S. Air Force Academy and researchers from Fort Lewis College teamed up this summer to study sprites.
They used the National Science Foundation (NSF)/National Center for Atmospheric Research Gulfstream-V aircraft, a high-flying plane capable of reaching altitudes of 50,000 feet, to conduct their research. Their project is funded by NSF.
Sprites are similar to lightning, say Nielsen and McHarg, in that they are electrical discharges from the atmosphere.
But while sprites mimic lightning "in some ways," says McHarg, "they're different in others. Lightning happens below and within clouds, at altitudes of two to five miles. Sprites occur far above the clouds, at about 50 miles up--10 times higher than lightning."
They're also huge, he says, reaching 30 miles high.
"Red sprites don't last very long, though, about one-one thousandth of a second. That's 300 times quicker than the time it takes us to blink!"
Blue jets, which weren't directly part of the scientists' study, stick around longer than red sprites, originate at the tops of storm clouds, and shoot up to an altitude less than half that of red sprites. Blue jets are narrower than red sprites, and fan out like trumpet-shaped flowers in blue or purple hues.
"This field of research is fast evolving, and is important for understanding the global electric circuit," says Anne-Marie Schmoltner, program director in NSF's Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences, which supports the research. "The red sprite airborne field campaign this summer provided observations at unprecedented time resolutions."
 
What makes thunderstorms' celestial lights
Atmospheric researchers have developed theories to try to explain these celestial lights.
Red sprites may happen at the time of positively charged cloud-to-ground lightning strikes, which make up about ten percent of all lightning and are many times more powerful than more common, negatively charged lightning.
The flashes may be akin to giant electric sparks.
After a powerful ground strike, the electric field above a thunderstorm may become strengthened to the point that it causes an "electrical breakdown," an overload that weakens the atmosphere's resistance to electric current flow. The result is an immense red spark, or sprite, in the atmosphere.
Although still something of a mystery, red sprites have helped solve other long-standing questions.
Scientists have found that red sprites create some of the low-frequency radio bursts picked up for years by instruments around the world, but whose source was unknown.
Large bursts of gamma rays, emanating from Earth rather than space, originate during thunderstorms, although their exact relationship to red sprites remains unclear.
Researchers now wonder whether red sprites (and blue jets) might affect the atmosphere in important ways.
For example, sprites and jets might alter the chemical composition of the upper atmosphere. Though brief, they could set off lasting charges.
Sprites' deep red color is caused by the light emitted from nitrogen molecules in the atmosphere, says McHarg. Red sprites may turn out to be important to atmospheric chemistry and global climate by changing concentrations of nitric oxides high in the atmosphere.
The researchers are using a technique called high-speed spectroscopy to study sprites' different colors to determine the amount of energy the sprites carry, and to find out more about their chemical composition.
 
How to see a sprite
Can thunderstorm-watchers on the ground glimpse red sprites and blue jets with the naked eye? Yes, if they know where to look.
Viewers must be able to see a distant thunderstorm with no clouds in the way, in an area without city lights. Then they must look above the storm, not at the lightning within the clouds.
It's likely, say the scientists, that if watchers wait long enough, they'll see a red sprite. Blue jets are more elusive. The best viewing would probably come from a plane flying very high, and located miles and miles away from a thunderstorm.
With its rubber tires, a car may be the safest vehicle from which to hunt for ephemeral sprites of the thunderclouds.
-- Cheryl Dybas, NSF (703) 292-7734 
cdybas@nsf.gov
Investigators Hans Nielsen
Related Institutions/Organizations University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
Total Grants $225,880
Related WebsitesNSF News: Lightning's Mirror Image ... Only Much Bigger:
 http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=115440
sky with red sprites
One-one thousandth of a second: How long red sprites last, faster than our blinking time.
Credit and Larger Version
Sky with red sprites resembling glowing jellyfish
Red sprites can resemble glowing jellyfish, with structures like bells and tentacles.
Credit and Larger Version
Above a thunderstorm's black clouds, red sprites mimic lightning.
Above a thunderstorm's black clouds, red sprites (upper right corner) mimic lightning.
Credit and Larger Version
Scientists next to the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream-V aircraft.
The scientists conducted their research aboard the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream-V aircraft.
Credit and Larger Version
Blue jets ona  dark sky
Other NSF-funded research has tracked blue jets, close relatives of red sprites.
Credit and Larger Version
The National Science Foundation (NSF)
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

domingo, 18 de agosto de 2013

nsf.gov - National Science Foundation - Keeping pace with plant pathogens

Plant immune system research ready for application, say researchers.-
Potato plants
Late-blight-resistant potato plants, on left, compared with potatoes suffering from the disease
Credit and Larger Version
August 15, 2013
In the battle between diseases and plants--constant, changing and centuries old--scientists and farmers usually arm themselves through classical breeding, crossing varieties in the hopes of eventually reaching disease resistance. With advances in DNA sequencing and genetics, however, they may soon have a more sophisticated weapon: disease-resistant seeds.
Basic research on the genetic gears of plant immune systems has advanced so much that scientists can now begin applying that knowledge, building healthier plants to decrease dependence on pesticides, water overuse and help agriculture in developing countries, according to a paper in this week's edition of the journal Science.
"I think the backdrop is simple: We need to feed a lot of people, and we need to do it in a sustainable way," said Jeff Dangl, one of the paper's authors. He is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator and biology professor at the University of North Carolina. "We need to feed them in a way that we use no more land than we use now. We need to do it more efficiently, and we need to do it in the face of ever-evolving pathogens."
The paper was also authored by Brian Staskawicz, plant and microbial biology professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and Diana Horvath, director of the Two Blades Foundation, a Chicago-area nonprofit promoting plant disease resistance research and application. NSF funds have helped fuel the research of all three.
The paper synthesizes two decades of research on plant immune systems, looking at "where technology has been applied, and what the future can be," said Staskawicz.
For more than a century, disease resistance in plants has been achieved through traditional breeding, a process that requires the "patience of Job," Dangl said. "Imagine waiting till you get to your grandchildren to see how your offspring turn out."
Disease-causing microbes multiply much, much faster. Modern agriculture--predominately single crops grown over many acres instead of the diversity hodgepodge seen in nature--also favors pathogens, microbial agents that cause disease.
Globally, about 15 percent of crop harvests are lost each year due to disease, but destruction varies greatly from crop to crop. Cassava blight, which attacks a staple food source in many developing countries, can destroy 20 to 100 percent of crops. Most loss occurs late in a crop's life, gallons and gallons and gallons of water in. "Plant diseases are a huge waste of water," Dangl said.
To combat pathogens, farmers rely on disease-resistant plant varieties--cultivated by careful, slow breeding--and pesticides. Both are far from foolproof. Pathogens evolve to outwit breeding and pesticides often carry harmful environmental side effects. Some farmers, like those in developing countries, also can't afford them. Creating disease resistant seeds, requiring little-to-no pesticides and no unfamiliar agricultural techniques, is "a simple and effective way to help farmers in developing countries," Horvath said.
Classical breeding has given plant researchers a wealth of genetic material, developed over generations, with which to breed disease resistant varieties. Combined with leaps and bounds in genetics research and quicker, cheaper DNA sequencing, scientists have learned how to build stronger plant varieties. They have pinpointed special receptors, housed both inside and outside plant cells, which scan for infection; launching the attack when a pathogen is found. They've identified disease-resistant genes housed in the molecular architecture of different plants. These genes can confer resistance to dangers such as wheat rust, powdery mildew and bacterial spot disease.
"We now know enough about the key molecules in the plant immune system that we can actually start to deploy what we've learned," said Dangl. This includes genetic editing--removing disease-prone genes--or mining disease-resistance genes from various plants and adding them into other crops. Combining a few disease-resistance genes would bolster plant immunity to multiple diseases, similar to the chemical cocktail developed to fight AIDS.
The ultimate objective is to build "predictive, highly refined molecular plant breeding that includes disease resistance," Dangl said. It's essentially an updated version of classical breeding, injecting genetic know-how into seed creation using disease-resistance genes from plants people eat every day: wheat, rice, pepper, tomato and others.
This has already been successful. Disease resistance genes bred into papaya helped save Hawaii's papaya industry from a ringspot virus in the mid-90s. Staskawicz and Horvath also worked to develop tomato plants resistant to bacterial pathogens. In Florida field tests, the modified varieties have higher yields and don't require harmful copper pesticides.
Still, researchers have much to learn. How all these disease resistance genes function, on a molecular basis, is to be discovered.  Staskawicz compares it to watching TV. You know if you press a certain button, the TV comes on, without understanding any mechanics behind the screen. "You can still use the gene without knowing exactly how it works," he said. Pathogens will also continue evolving, slowly subverting genetic disease resistance, engineered or not. "It's a constantly evolving process," Staskawicz said.
There are no simple solutions, said Michael Mishkind, a program director in NSF's Biological Sciences Directorate. Yet our current level of understanding of disease resistance mechanisms "speaks eloquently to the importance of basic research. Years of fundamental study of the plant immune system have added a powerful set of tools, helping us keep ahead of the pathogens that threaten our food supply."
-NSF-
Media Contacts Jessica Arriens, NSF (703) 292-2243
Related WebsitesTwo Blades Foundation:
 http://2blades.org/
Staskawicz Laboratory, UC-Berkeley:
 http://www.staskawiczlab.org/
Jeff Dangl, Howard Hughes Medical Institute: 
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering. In fiscal year (FY) 2012, its budget was $7.0 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 colleges, universities and other institutions. Each year, NSF receives about 50,000 competitive requests for funding, and makes about 11,500 new funding awards. NSF also awards about $593 million in professional and service contracts yearly.
Useful NSF Web Sites:
NSF Home Page:
 http://www.nsf.gov
NSF News:
 http://www.nsf.gov/news/
For the News Media:  
http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jsp
Science and Engineering Statistics:
 http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/
Awards Searches:

Tomato plants
The effects of bacterial leaf spot disease on regular tomatoes (on top) and genetically altered ones
Credit and Larger Version
cover of Science magazine
The researchers' work is described in the Aug. 16, 2013, issue of the journal Science.
Credit and Larger Version

The National Science Foundation (NSF).

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@hotmail.com
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@yahoo.com

domingo, 11 de agosto de 2013

nsf.gov - Ocean Acidification (OA)

Ocean Acidification (OA)

Program Solicitation
NSF 13-586

Replaces Document(s):
NSF 12-600

NSF Logo National Science Foundation

Directorate for Geosciences
Division of Ocean Sciences
Division of Polar Programs

Directorate for Biological Sciences
Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences
Division of Integrative Organismal Systems
Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.m. proposer's local time):
December 03, 2013

IMPORTANT INFORMATION AND REVISION NOTES

A revised version of the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG), NSF 13-1, was issued on October 4, 2012 and is effective for proposals submitted, or due, on or after January 14, 2013. Please be advised that the guidelines contained in NSF 13-1 apply to proposals submitted in response to this funding opportunity.
Please be aware that significant changes have been made to the PAPPG to implement revised merit review criteria based on the National Science Board (NSB) report, National Science Foundation's Merit Review Criteria: Review and Revisions. While the two merit review criteria remain unchanged (Intellectual Merit and Broader Impacts), guidance has been provided to clarify and improve the function of the criteria. Changes will affect the project summary and project description sections of proposals. Annual and final reports also will be affected.
A by-chapter summary of this and other significant changes is provided at the beginning of both the Grant Proposal Guide and the Award & Administration Guide.
Please note that this program solicitation may contain supplemental proposal preparation guidance and/or guidance that deviates from the guidelines established in the Grant Proposal Guide.
The Ocean Acidification program is in its fifth and anticipated last year of competition. We expect this to be the last solicitation specifically targeting Ocean Acidification.
This Ocean Acidification solicitation has no maximum budget restrictions for submitted proposals.

SUMMARY OF PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS

General Information

Program Title:
Ocean Acidification (OA)
Synopsis of Program:
The new National Ocean Policy calls for actions to improve understanding of and capacity to respond to ocean acidification, recognizing the potential adverse impacts of an acidifying sea upon marine ecosystems. The effects of ocean acidification could significantly affect strategies for developing practices towards the sustainability of ocean resources. Basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future is required. Research challenges include:
  • Understanding the geochemistry and biogeochemistry of ocean acidification;
  • Understanding how ocean acidification interacts with biological, chemical and physical processes at the organismal level, and how such interactions impact the structure and function of ecosystems, e.g. through life histories, adaptive evolution, food webs, biogeochemical cycling, and interactions with other changes in the ocean (e.g., temperature, stratification, circulation patterns); and
  • Understanding how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
The Ocean Acidification program is in its fifth and anticipated last year of competition. We expect this to be the last solicitation specifically targeting Ocean Acidification.
Cognizant Program Officer(s):
Please note that the following information is current at the time of publishing. See program website for any updates to the points of contact.
  • David L. Garrison, Program Director, Biological Oceanography, telephone: (703) 292-7588, email: dgarriso@nsf.gov
  • Candace O. Major, Program Director, Marine Geology & Geophysics, telephone: (703) 292-7597, email: cmajor@nsf.gov
  • Donald Rice, Program Director, Chemical Oceanography, telephone: (703) 292-7708, email: drice@nsf.gov
  • Irwin Forseth, Program Director, Organism-Environment Interactions, telephone: (703) 292-7862, email: iforseth@nsf.gov
  • Lori Stevens, Program Director, Evolutionary Processes, telephone: (703) 292-2994, email: losteven@nsf.gov
  • Charles Amsler, Program Manager, Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems, telephone: (703) 292-2461, email: camsler@nsf.gov
  • Henrietta Edmonds, Program Director, Arctic Natural Sciences, telephone: (703) 292-8029, email: hedmonds@nsf.gov
  • Anna Manyak, Science Assistant, Chemical Oceanography, telephone: (703) 292-8474, email: amanyak@nsf.gov
Applicable Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s):
  • 47.050 --- Geosciences
  • 47.074 --- Biological Sciences

Award Information

Anticipated Type of Award: Standard Grant
Estimated Number of Awards: 10 to 15 pending availability of funds.
Anticipated Funding Amount: $11,250,000

Eligibility Information

Organization Limit:
The categories of proposers eligible to submit proposals to the National Science Foundation are identified in the Grant Proposal Guide, Chapter I, Section E.

PI Limit:
None Specified

Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization:
None Specified

Limit on Number of Proposals per PI: 1
An individual may appear as Principal Investigator (P.I.), co-P.I., other senior personnel or investigator on only one proposal that responds to this program solicitation. This limitation includes proposals submitted by a lead organization, any sub-award submitted as part of a proposal, or any collaborative proposal. Proposals that do not meet this requirement will be returned without review.
These restrictions apply only to this solicitation and are not meant to inhibit submissions of proposals by investigators to other NSF activities or programs.

Proposal Preparation and Submission Instructions

A. Proposal Preparation Instructions
  • Letters of Intent: Not Applicable
  • Preliminary Proposal Submission: Not Applicable
  • Full Proposals:
    • Full Proposals submitted via FastLane: NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide, Part I: Grant Proposal Guide (GPG) Guidelines apply. The complete text of the GPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=gpg.
    • Full Proposals submitted via Grants.gov: NSF Grants.gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants.gov Guidelines apply (Note: The NSF Grants.gov Application Guide is available on the Grants.gov website and on the NSF website at:
B. Budgetary Information
  • Cost Sharing Requirements: Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited.
  • Indirect Cost (F&A) Limitations: Not Applicable
  • Other Budgetary Limitations: Not Applicable
C. Due Dates
  • Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.m. proposer's local time):

    December 03, 2013

Proposal Review Information Criteria

Merit Review Criteria: National Science Board approved criteria apply.

Award Administration Information

Award Conditions: Standard NSF award conditions apply.
Reporting Requirements: Standard NSF reporting requirements apply.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION

Ocean acidification research requires the development of interdisciplinary partnerships and capacity building within the scientific community. Investigators are encouraged to submit proposals that create new partnerships across traditional disciplines (including molecular and cellular biology, physiology, marine chemistry and physical oceanography, ecological sciences, paleoecology, and earth system history) and use diverse approaches (observational systems, experimental studies, theory and modeling) to examine cutting edge research questions related to ocean acidification.
A number of scientific workshops* have been held in the U.S. and abroad to evaluate what is currently known about ocean acidification, to consider its potential impacts on ocean ecosystems and the earth system, and to chart a research course for the future to address the myriad of unknowns. The workshop discussions and reports were used in developing and updating this solicitation. There is broad consensus that there is an urgent need for (1) ocean surveys, monitoring and time-series studies to establish the present day picture and future course of ocean acidification, and its ecological and environmental consequences and (2) basic research to discover and understand how the chemistry and physics of the ocean interplay with changes in acidity, how marine biota and communities function in an acidifying ocean, how historical excursions of seawater acidity have played out in the geologic past, and what all this might reveal for the future.
*Scientific workshops include:

II. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

The OA program supports research focused on the chemistry of ocean acidification and its interplay with fundamental biogeochemical and physiological processes of organisms; the implications of these effects for ecosystem structure and function; and how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean The program also seeks to fund projects that investigate factors that make groups of organisms likely to evolve adaptations or perish, while identifying unifying principles moving from a single species focus to understanding how ocean acidification affects entire ecosystems. Ocean acidification effects will be variable in space and time, with some environments (e.g. high latitude seas, coral reefs) and organisms (e.g. calcifiers) arguably at greater risk. Accordingly, research projects are encouraged that identify vulnerable organisms or ecosystems, as indicated by current trends or the earth's geologic record. Synthesis and modeling projects, that might inform earth system models at regional, decadal, or larger spatial and temporal scales, also are appropriate for consideration. This solicitation is part of the National Science Foundation's cross-directorate research and education activities related to the broad theme Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability (SEES).
Target Research Areas:
Proposals must clearly demonstrate links between the research outcome and the emphasis areas described within this solicitation. Proposals are encouraged that develop and integrate interdisciplinary perspectives (including molecular and cellular biology, physiology, marine chemistry and physical oceanography, ecological sciences, paleoecology, and earth system history) and use diverse approaches (observational systems, experimental studies, theory and modeling) to investigate one or more of the following basic research areas:
  • Ocean acidification interconnected to oceanic biology, chemistry, physics, and geology. For example, how will ocean acidification affect processes such as chemical speciation, equilibria, reaction rates, mineral authigenesis and dissolution, or particle dynamics? What are the impacts on the physical chemistry of seawater? How will regional differences in marine chemistry and physics affect acidification, and what are the downstream implications for organisms and ecosystems? How do organism adapt across a temperature and/or acidity gradient? Can we identify new proxies for ocean acidification that can be used to interpret the geologic record?
  • Predicting the consequences of ocean acidification on ecosystem health and function. To what extent will ocean acidification affect cell and organisms' performance? What are the capabilities of marine organisms to acclimatize to near-term effects of ocean acidification? Do populations of marine species have the evolutionary genetic capacity to adapt to these environmental changes in the long-term? What unifying factors underlie the ability to adapt? Are there significant feedbacks to the ocean's geochemical environment? What are the combined effects of ocean acidification with changes in temperature, stratification and circulation patterns on ecosystem structure and function? Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, mechanisms of biomineralization and photosynthesis, electrochemical gradients, cell signaling, developmental events, neural and behavioral functions, and properties of extracellular surfaces and substrates. For example: To what extent do impacts on organismal performance lead to critical alterations in abundance, distribution, reproductive output, and evolutionary dynamics? Which organisms will adapt and which will go extinct, and how will this affect ecosystems? Are there complex interactions, cascades, or bottlenecks that will emerge as the oceans acidify, warm and stratify, and what are their downstream ecosystem implications? Investigators are invited to propose single system studies, or comparative analyses, to examine the broader ecological implications of ocean acidification.
  • Interpreting the geologic record to reveal the history of climate change and the assemblages of organisms that have risen, persisted, or declined, as the earth system has evolved. To what extent can the geologic record inform our understanding of the response of modern biotic assemblages to ocean acidification? What can the geologic record tell us about the adaptive responses of organisms at timescales longer than can be simulated in laboratory experiments or even longer term environmental monitoring? Are there robust geochemical and biological signatures in the geologic record that can identify historical excursions of pH and alkalinity, and separate those from other paleoenvironmental variables? Conversely, can our understanding of extant organisms and ecosystems, and their responses to the changing marine environment, be used to expand our understanding of paleoenvironments and paleoecology? Proposals that address these questions are encouraged, as are parallel studies comparing the paleo-ocean and modern environments.
Now in its fifth year, the Ocean Acidification program is particularly interested in supporting projects that involve synthesis, either within or across disciplines. We expect this to be the last solicitation specifically targeting Ocean Acidification.
Submission Guidance
Proposals addressing the topic of ocean acidification must be submitted to this solicitation. Ocean acidification proposals submitted directly to participating programs may be redirected to this solicitation if they are compliant.

III. AWARD INFORMATION

Anticipated Type of Award: Standard Grant

Estimated Number of Awards: 10 to 15 pending availability of funds.

Anticipated Funding Amount: $11,250,000
Proposals may be of any size and duration as appropriate for the proposed project.

IV. ELIGIBILITY INFORMATION

Organization Limit:
The categories of proposers eligible to submit proposals to the National Science Foundation are identified in the Grant Proposal Guide, Chapter I, Section E.

PI Limit:
None Specified
Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization:
None Specified
Limit on Number of Proposals per PI:1
An individual may appear as Principal Investigator (P.I.), co-P.I., other senior personnel or investigator on only one proposal that responds to this program solicitation. This limitation includes proposals submitted by a lead organization, any sub-award submitted as part of a proposal, or any collaborative proposal. Proposals that do not meet this requirement will be returned without review.
These restrictions apply only to this solicitation and are not meant to inhibit submissions of proposals by investigators to other NSF activities or programs.

V. PROPOSAL PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS

A. Proposal Preparation Instructions

Full Proposal Preparation Instructions: Proposers may opt to submit proposals in response to this Program Solicitation via Grants.gov or via the NSF FastLane system.
  • Full proposals submitted via FastLane: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the general guidelines contained in the NSF Grant Proposal Guide (GPG). The complete text of the GPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=gpg. Paper copies of the GPG may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-7827 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf.gov. Proposers are reminded to identify this program solicitation number in the program solicitation block on the NSF Cover Sheet For Proposal to the National Science Foundation. Compliance with this requirement is critical to determining the relevant proposal processing guidelines. Failure to submit this information may delay processing.
  • Full proposals submitted via Grants.gov: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation via Grants.gov should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants.gov. The complete text of the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide is available on the Grants.gov website and on the NSF website at: (http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=grantsgovguide). To obtain copies of the Application Guide and Application Forms Package, click on the Apply tab on the Grants.gov site, then click on the Apply Step 1: Download a Grant Application Package and Application Instructions link and enter the funding opportunity number, (the program solicitation number without the NSF prefix) and press the Download Package button. Paper copies of the Grants.gov Application Guide also may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-7827 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf.gov.
In determining which method to utilize in the electronic preparation and submission of the proposal, please note the following:
Collaborative Proposals. All collaborative proposals submitted as separate submissions from multiple organizations must be submitted via the NSF FastLane system. Chapter II, Section D.4 of the Grant Proposal Guide provides additional information on collaborative proposals.
Important Proposal Preparation Information: FastLane will check for required sections of the full proposal, in accordance with Grant Proposal Guide (GPG) instructions described in Chapter II.C.2. The GPG requires submission of: Project Summary; Project Description; References Cited; Biographical Sketch(es); Budget; Budget Justification; Current and Pending Support; Facilities, Equipment & Other Resources; Data Management Plan; and Postdoctoral Mentoring Plan, if applicable. If a required section is missing, FastLane will not accept the proposal.
Please note that the proposal preparation instructions provided in this program solicitation may deviate from the GPG instructions. If the solicitation instructions do not require a GPG-required section to be included in the proposal, insert text or upload a document in that section of the proposal that states, "Not Applicable for this Program Solicitation." Doing so will enable FastLane to accept your proposal.
Proposal Cover Sheet
When preparing the cover page in FastLane, highlight the program solicitation number for Ocean Acidification on the pull down list and click on the "Select" button. Your proposal will automatically be assigned to the correct managing division on the Cover Sheet. (Grants.gov users: The program solicitation number will be pre-populated by Grants.gov on the NSF Grant Application Cover Page.)
The proposal title should begin with "Ocean Acidification:".
Observational Networks, Long Term Sites, and Research Centers
Where appropriate, investigators are encouraged to work in association with existing projects, observational networks, long-term ecological research (LTER) sites or research centers, or testing and evaluation facilities, whether supported by NSF or other agencies, such as USEPA, USGS, USDA or NOAA. Collaborations with international researchers are also encouraged; however, international partners are expected to seek support from their respective funding organizations.
Principal Investigators are advised to obtain letters of commitment that affirm such collaborative activities. The project description should make clear how the proposed work differs from and augments activities already supported.
Inclusion of Data Management Plan Required. Data Management Plans must describe how metadata and data collected as part of the project will be disseminated to the broader community, as well as plans for longer term archiving of these data. Principal Investigators that propose to collaborate with data centers or networks are advised to obtain letters of commitment that affirm the collaboration. Where possible, all PIs are strongly encouraged to use existing data centers and data portals to archive and disseminate their data. All data collected by projects funded through this solicitation must be freely and openly available to any interested investigator as soon as practical, but no later than 12 months following collection. See the NSF Grant Proposal Guide for page limitations and additional guidance.
Budget Preparation Instructions: Research Platforms and Facilities Requests
Budgets should be prepared in compliance with guidelines in the GPG or NSF Grants.gov Application Guide. Budgets should include all costs charged to the project for platforms and facilities supporting the proposed research except those facilities separately supported by NSF (e.g. UNOLS research vessels, research aircraft, or field equipment). For research involving UNOLS vessels, a UNOLS ship request should be appended to proposals. Likewise, research involving polar regions should follow established guidelines for requesting logistical support, as discussed in the relevant proposal solicitations (for Antarctic Sciences, see NSF 13-527; for Arctic Sciences, see NSF 10-597). Principal investigators are responsible for filing the appropriate requests for major research platforms; a copy of the request must be attached as supplementary document to the proposal.
Investigators should anticipate and budget for funds to attend an annual PI meeting for ocean acidification researchers. Inclusion of junior scientists and postdoctoral researchers in these meetings is encouraged. The venue for these meeting is likely to shift from the west coast to the east coast on alternate years.
Conflicts of Interest Table Required
Proposals must include, in the single copy documents section, a table containing a single alphabetized list of the full names (lastname, firstname) and institutional affiliations of all people with conflicts of interest for all senior personnel (PI and co-PIs) and any named personnel whose salary is requested in the project budget. Conflicts to be identified are (1) Ph.D. thesis advisors or advisees, (2) collaborators or co-authors, including postdoctoral researchers, for the past 48 months, and (3) any other individuals with whom, or institutions with which, the senior personnel (PI, co-PIs, and any named personnel) have financial ties, including advisory committees (please specify type). For each entry on the list, please specify the type of conflict.

B. Budgetary Information

Cost Sharing: Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited

C. Due Dates

  • Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.m. proposer's local time):

    December 03, 2013

D. FastLane/Grants.gov Requirements

  • For Proposals Submitted Via FastLane:
    Detailed technical instructions regarding the technical aspects of preparation and submission via FastLane are available at:
  • For FastLane user support, call the FastLane Help Desk at 1-800-673-6188 or e-mail fastlane@nsf.gov.
  • The FastLane Help Desk answers general technical questions related to the use of the FastLane system. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this funding opportunity.
    Submission of Electronically Signed Cover Sheets. The Authorized Organizational Representative (AOR) must electronically sign the proposal Cover Sheet to submit the required proposal certifications (see Chapter II, Section C of the Grant Proposal Guide for a listing of the certifications). The AOR must provide the required electronic certifications within five working days following the electronic submission of the proposal. Further instructions regarding this process are available on the FastLane Website at:
  • For Proposals Submitted Via Grants.gov:
    Before using Grants.gov for the first time, each organization must register to create an institutional profile. Once registered, the applicant's organization can then apply for any federal grant on the Grants.gov website. Comprehensive information about using Grants.gov is available on the Grants.gov Applicant Resources webpage:
  • In addition, the NSF Grants.gov Application Guide provides additional technical guidance regarding preparation of proposals via Grants.gov. For Grants.gov user support, contact the Grants.gov Contact Center at 1-800-518-4726 or by email: support@grants.gov. The Grants.gov Contact Center answers general technical questions related to the use of Grants.gov. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this solicitation.
    Submitting the Proposal: Once all documents have been completed, the Authorized Organizational Representative (AOR) must submit the application to Grants.gov and verify the desired funding opportunity and agency to which the application is submitted. The AOR must then sign and submit the application to Grants.gov. The completed application will be transferred to the NSF FastLane system for further processing.

VI. NSF PROPOSAL PROCESSING AND REVIEW PROCEDURES

Proposals received by NSF are assigned to the appropriate NSF program for acknowledgement and, if they meet NSF requirements, for review. All proposals are carefully reviewed by a scientist, engineer, or educator serving as an NSF Program Officer, and usually by three to ten other persons outside NSF either as ad hoc reviewers, panelists, or both, who are experts in the particular fields represented by the proposal. These reviewers are selected by Program Officers charged with oversight of the review process. Proposers are invited to suggest names of persons they believe are especially well qualified to review the proposal and/or persons they would prefer not review the proposal. These suggestions may serve as one source in the reviewer selection process at the Program Officer's discretion. Submission of such names, however, is optional. Care is taken to ensure that reviewers have no conflicts of interest with the proposal. In addition, Program Officers may obtain comments from site visits before recommending final action on proposals. Senior NSF staff further review recommendations for awards. A flowchart that depicts the entire NSF proposal and award process (and associated timeline) is included in the GPG as Exhibit III-1.
A comprehensive description of the Foundation's merit review process is available on the NSF website at:
Proposers should also be aware of core strategies that are essential to the fulfillment of NSF's mission, as articulated in
These strategies are integrated in the program planning and implementation process, of which proposal review is one part. NSF's mission is particularly well-implemented through the integration of research and education and broadening participation in NSF programs, projects, and activities.
One of the core strategies in support of NSF's mission is to foster integration of research and education through the programs, projects and activities it supports at academic and research institutions. These institutions provide abundant opportunities where individuals may concurrently assume responsibilities as researchers, educators, and students, and where all can engage in joint efforts that infuse education with the excitement of discovery and enrich research through the variety of learning perspectives.
Another core strategy in support of NSF's mission is broadening opportunities and expanding participation of groups, institutions, and geographic regions that are underrepresented in STEM disciplines, which is essential to the health and vitality of science and engineering. NSF is committed to this principle of diversity and deems it central to the programs, projects, and activities it considers and supports.

A. Merit Review Principles and Criteria

The National Science Foundation strives to invest in a robust and diverse portfolio of projects that creates new knowledge and enables breakthroughs in understanding across all areas of science and engineering research and education. To identify which projects to support, NSF relies on a merit review process that incorporates consideration of both the technical aspects of a proposed project and its potential to contribute more broadly to advancing NSF's mission "to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense; and for other purposes." NSF makes every effort to conduct a fair, competitive, transparent merit review process for the selection of projects.
1. Merit Review Principles
These principles are to be given due diligence by PIs and organizations when preparing proposals and managing projects, by reviewers when reading and evaluating proposals, and by NSF program staff when determining whether or not to recommend proposals for funding and while overseeing awards. Given that NSF is the primary federal agency charged with nurturing and supporting excellence in basic research and education, the following three principles apply:
  • All NSF projects should be of the highest quality and have the potential to advance, if not transform, the frontiers of knowledge.
  • NSF projects, in the aggregate, should contribute more broadly to achieving societal goals. These "Broader Impacts" may be accomplished through the research itself, through activities that are directly related to specific research projects, or through activities that are supported by, but are complementary to, the project. The project activities may be based on previously established and/or innovative methods and approaches, but in either case must be well justified.
  • Meaningful assessment and evaluation of NSF funded projects should be based on appropriate metrics, keeping in mind the likely correlation between the effect of broader impacts and the resources provided to implement projects. If the size of the activity is limited, evaluation of that activity in isolation is not likely to be meaningful. Thus, assessing the effectiveness of these activities may best be done at a higher, more aggregated, level than the individual project.
With respect to the third principle, even if assessment of Broader Impacts outcomes for particular projects is done at an aggregated level, PIs are expected to be accountable for carrying out the activities described in the funded project. Thus, individual projects should include clearly stated goals, specific descriptions of the activities that the PI intends to do, and a plan in place to document the outputs of those activities.
These three merit review principles provide the basis for the merit review criteria, as well as a context within which the users of the criteria can better understand their intent.
2. Merit Review Criteria
All NSF proposals are evaluated through use of the two National Science Board approved merit review criteria. In some instances, however, NSF will employ additional criteria as required to highlight the specific objectives of certain programs and activities.
The two merit review criteria are listed below. Both criteria are to be given full consideration during the review and decision-making processes; each criterion is necessary but neither, by itself, is sufficient. Therefore, proposers must fully address both criteria. (GPG Chapter II.C.2.d.i. contains additional information for use by proposers in development of the Project Description section of the proposal.) Reviewers are strongly encouraged to review the criteria, including GPG Chapter II.C.2.d.i., prior to the review of a proposal.
When evaluating NSF proposals, reviewers will be asked to consider what the proposers want to do, why they want to do it, how they plan to do it, how they will know if they succeed, and what benefits could accrue if the project is successful. These issues apply both to the technical aspects of the proposal and the way in which the project may make broader contributions. To that end, reviewers will be asked to evaluate all proposals against two criteria:
  • Intellectual Merit: The Intellectual Merit criterion encompasses the potential to advance knowledge; and
  • Broader Impacts: The Broader Impacts criterion encompasses the potential to benefit society and contribute to the achievement of specific, desired societal outcomes.
The following elements should be considered in the review for both criteria:
  1. What is the potential for the proposed activity to
    1. Advance knowledge and understanding within its own field or across different fields (Intellectual Merit); and
    2. Benefit society or advance desired societal outcomes (Broader Impacts)?
  2. To what extent do the proposed activities suggest and explore creative, original, or potentially transformative concepts?
  3. Is the plan for carrying out the proposed activities well-reasoned, well-organized, and based on a sound rationale? Does the plan incorporate a mechanism to assess success?
  4. How well qualified is the individual, team, or organization to conduct the proposed activities?
  5. Are there adequate resources available to the PI (either at the home organization or through collaborations) to carry out the proposed activities?
Broader impacts may be accomplished through the research itself, through the activities that are directly related to specific research projects, or through activities that are supported by, but are complementary to, the project. NSF values the advancement of scientific knowledge and activities that contribute to achievement of societally relevant outcomes. Such outcomes include, but are not limited to: full participation of women, persons with disabilities, and underrepresented minorities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM); improved STEM education and educator development at any level; increased public scientific literacy and public engagement with science and technology; improved well-being of individuals in society; development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce; increased partnerships between academia, industry, and others; improved national security; increased economic competitiveness of the United States; and enhanced infrastructure for research and education.
Proposers are reminded that reviewers will also be asked to review the Data Management Plan and the Postdoctoral Researcher Mentoring Plan, as appropriate.

B. Review and Selection Process

Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation will be reviewed by Ad hoc Review and/or Panel Review.
Reviewers will be asked to formulate a recommendation to either support or decline each proposal. The Program Officer assigned to manage the proposal's review will consider the advice of reviewers and will formulate a recommendation.
After scientific, technical and programmatic review and consideration of appropriate factors, the NSF Program Officer recommends to the cognizant Division Director whether the proposal should be declined or recommended for award. NSF is striving to be able to tell applicants whether their proposals have been declined or recommended for funding within six months. The time interval begins on the deadline or target date, or receipt date, whichever is later. The interval ends when the Division Director accepts the Program Officer's recommendation.
A summary rating and accompanying narrative will be completed and submitted by each reviewer. In all cases, reviews are treated as confidential documents. Verbatim copies of reviews, excluding the names of the reviewers, are sent to the Principal Investigator/Project Director by the Program Officer. In addition, the proposer will receive an explanation of the decision to award or decline funding.
In all cases, after programmatic approval has been obtained, the proposals recommended for funding will be forwarded to the Division of Grants and Agreements for review of business, financial, and policy implications and the processing and issuance of a grant or other agreement. Proposers are cautioned that only a Grants and Agreements Officer may make commitments, obligations or awards on behalf of NSF or authorize the expenditure of funds. No commitment on the part of NSF should be inferred from technical or budgetary discussions with a NSF Program Officer. A Principal Investigator or organization that makes financial or personnel commitments in the absence of a grant or cooperative agreement signed by the NSF Grants and Agreements Officer does so at their own risk.

VII. AWARD ADMINISTRATION INFORMATION

A. Notification of the Award

Notification of the award is made to the submitting organization by a Grants Officer in the Division of Grants and Agreements. Organizations whose proposals are declined will be advised as promptly as possible by the cognizant NSF Program administering the program. Verbatim copies of reviews, not including the identity of the reviewer, will be provided automatically to the Principal Investigator. (See Section VI.B. for additional information on the review process.)

B. Award Conditions

An NSF award consists of: (1) the award letter, which includes any special provisions applicable to the award and any numbered amendments thereto; (2) the budget, which indicates the amounts, by categories of expense, on which NSF has based its support (or otherwise communicates any specific approvals or disapprovals of proposed expenditures); (3) the proposal referenced in the award letter; (4) the applicable award conditions, such as Grant General Conditions (GC-1); * or Research Terms and Conditions * and (5) any announcement or other NSF issuance that may be incorporated by reference in the award letter. Cooperative agreements also are administered in accordance with NSF Cooperative Agreement Financial and Administrative Terms and Conditions (CA-FATC) and the applicable Programmatic Terms and Conditions. NSF awards are electronically signed by an NSF Grants and Agreements Officer and transmitted electronically to the organization via e-mail.
*These documents may be accessed electronically on NSF's Website at
  Paper copies may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-7827 or by e-mail from
More comprehensive information on NSF Award Conditions and other important information on the administration of NSF awards is contained in the NSF Award & Administration Guide (AAG) Chapter II, available electronically on the NSF Website at

C. Reporting Requirements

For all multi-year grants (including both standard and continuing grants), the Principal Investigator must submit an annual project report to the cognizant Program Officer at least 90 days prior to the end of the current budget period. (Some programs or awards require submission of more frequent project reports). Within 90 days following expiration of a grant, the PI also is required to submit a final project report, and a project outcomes report for the general public.
Failure to provide the required annual or final project reports, or the project outcomes report, will delay NSF review and processing of any future funding increments as well as any pending proposals for all identified PIs and co-PIs on a given award. PIs should examine the formats of the required reports in advance to assure availability of required data.
PIs are required to use NSF's electronic project-reporting system, available through Research.gov, for preparation and submission of annual and final project reports. Such reports provide information on accomplishments, project participants (individual and organizational), publications, and other specific products and impacts of the project. Submission of the report via Research.gov constitutes certification by the PI that the contents of the report are accurate and complete. The project outcomes report also must be prepared and submitted using Research.gov. This report serves as a brief summary, prepared specifically for the public, of the nature and outcomes of the project. This report will be posted on the NSF website exactly as it is submitted by the PI.
More comprehensive information on NSF Reporting Requirements and other important information on the administration of NSF awards is contained in the NSF Award & Administration Guide (AAG) Chapter II, available electronically on the NSF Website at

VIII. AGENCY CONTACTS

Please note that the program contact information is current at the time of publishing. See program website for any updates to the points of contact.
General inquiries regarding this program should be made to:
  • David L. Garrison, Program Director, Biological Oceanography, telephone: (703) 292-7588, email: dgarriso@nsf.gov
  • Candace O. Major, Program Director, Marine Geology & Geophysics, telephone: (703) 292-7597, email: cmajor@nsf.gov
  • Donald Rice, Program Director, Chemical Oceanography, telephone: (703) 292-7708, email: drice@nsf.gov
  • Irwin Forseth, Program Director, Organism-Environment Interactions, telephone: (703) 292-7862, email: iforseth@nsf.gov
  • Lori Stevens, Program Director, Evolutionary Processes, telephone: (703) 292-2994, email: losteven@nsf.gov
  • Charles Amsler, Program Manager, Antarctic Organisms and Ecosystems, telephone: (703) 292-2461, email: camsler@nsf.gov
  • Henrietta Edmonds, Program Director, Arctic Natural Sciences, telephone: (703) 292-8029, email: hedmonds@nsf.gov
  • Anna Manyak, Science Assistant, Chemical Oceanography, telephone: (703) 292-8474, email: amanyak@nsf.gov
For questions related to the use of FastLane, contact:
For questions relating to Grants.gov contact:
  • Grants.gov Contact Center: If the Authorized Organizational Representatives (AOR) has not received a confirmation message from Grants.gov within 48 hours of submission of application, please contact via telephone: 1-800-518-4726; e-mail: support@grants.gov.

IX. OTHER INFORMATION

The NSF website provides the most comprehensive source of information on NSF Directorates (including contact information), programs and funding opportunities. Use of this website by potential proposers is strongly encouraged. In addition, "My NSF" is an information-delivery system designed to keep potential proposers and other interested parties apprised of new NSF funding opportunities and publications, important changes in proposal and award policies and procedures, and upcoming NSF Grants Conferences. Subscribers are informed through e-mail or the user's Web browser each time new publications are issued that match their identified interests. "My NSF" also is available on NSF's website at
Grants.gov provides an additional electronic capability to search for Federal government-wide grant opportunities. NSF funding opportunities may be accessed via this new mechanism. Further information on Grants.gov may be obtained at

ABOUT THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent Federal agency created by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended (42 USC 1861-75). The Act states the purpose of the NSF is "to promote the progress of science; [and] to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare by supporting research and education in all fields of science and engineering."
NSF funds research and education in most fields of science and engineering. It does this through grants and cooperative agreements to more than 2,000 colleges, universities, K-12 school systems, businesses, informal science organizations and other research organizations throughout the US. The Foundation accounts for about one-fourth of Federal support to academic institutions for basic research.
NSF receives approximately 55,000 proposals each year for research, education and training projects, of which approximately 11,000 are funded. In addition, the Foundation receives several thousand applications for graduate and postdoctoral fellowships. The agency operates no laboratories itself but does support National Research Centers, user facilities, certain oceanographic vessels and Arctic and Antarctic research stations. The Foundation also supports cooperative research between universities and industry, US participation in international scientific and engineering efforts, and educational activities at every academic level.
Facilitation Awards for Scientists and Engineers with Disabilities provide funding for special assistance or equipment to enable persons with disabilities to work on NSF-supported projects. See Grant Proposal Guide Chapter II, Section D.2 for instructions regarding preparation of these types of proposals.
The National Science Foundation has Telephonic Device for the Deaf (TDD) and Federal Information Relay Service (FIRS) capabilities that enable individuals with hearing impairments to communicate with the Foundation about NSF programs, employment or general information. TDD may be accessed at (703) 292-5090 and (800) 281-8749, FIRS at (800) 877-8339.
The National Science Foundation Information Center may be reached at (703) 292-5111.
The National Science Foundation promotes and advances scientific progress in the United States by competitively awarding grants and cooperative agreements for research and education in the sciences, mathematics, and engineering.
To get the latest information about program deadlines, to download copies of NSF publications, and to access abstracts of awards, visit the NSF Website at http://www.nsf.gov
  • Location:
4201 Wilson Blvd. Arlington, VA 22230
  • For General Information(NSF Information Center):
(703) 292-5111
  • TDD (for the hearing-impaired):
(703) 292-5090
  • To Order Publications or Forms:
Send an e-mail to: nsfpubs@nsf.gov
or telephone: (703) 292-7827
  • To Locate NSF Employees:
(703) 292-5111

PRIVACY ACT AND PUBLIC BURDEN STATEMENTS

The information requested on proposal forms and project reports is solicited under the authority of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended. The information on proposal forms will be used in connection with the selection of qualified proposals; and project reports submitted by awardees will be used for program evaluation and reporting within the Executive Branch and to Congress. The information requested may be disclosed to qualified reviewers and staff assistants as part of the proposal review process; to proposer institutions/grantees to provide or obtain data regarding the proposal review process, award decisions, or the administration of awards; to government contractors, experts, volunteers and researchers and educators as necessary to complete assigned work; to other government agencies or other entities needing information regarding applicants or nominees as part of a joint application review process, or in order to coordinate programs or policy; and to another Federal agency, court, or party in a court or Federal administrative proceeding if the government is a party. Information about Principal Investigators may be added to the Reviewer file and used to select potential candidates to serve as peer reviewers or advisory committee members. See Systems of Records, NSF-50, "Principal Investigator/Proposal File and Associated Records," 69 Federal Register 26410 (May 12, 2004), and NSF-51, "Reviewer/Proposal File and Associated Records," 69 Federal Register 26410 (May 12, 2004). Submission of the information is voluntary. Failure to provide full and complete information, however, may reduce the possibility of receiving an award.
An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, an information collection unless it displays a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The OMB control number for this collection is 3145-0058. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 120 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions. Send comments regarding the burden estimate and any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to:
Suzanne H. Plimpton
Reports Clearance Officer
Office of the General Counsel
National Science Foundation
Arlington, VA 22230
 
The National Science Foundation (NSF),
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui